CVE-2026-4878: Libcap Project Libcap

High severity, CVSS 7.0. EPSS: 0.1% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days.

A flaw was found in libcap. A local unprivileged user can exploit a Time-of-check-to-time-of-use (TOCTOU) race condition in the `cap_set_file()` function. This allows an attacker with write access to a parent directory to redirect file capability updates to an attacker-controlled file. By doing so, capabilities can be injected into or stripped from unintended executables, leading to privilege escalation.

Affected products

• Libcap Project Libcap: affected versions not specified
• Red Hat Enterprise Linux: version 8.0 only; version 9.0 only; version 10.0 only
• Red Hat Openshift Container Platform: version 4.0 only

Published 2026-04-09. Last modified 2026-10-09.